Inteko y’umuco itangaza ko kwizihiza Umunsi w’Umuganura atari ugusangira umutsima gusa ko ahubwo wizihizwa hagamijwe gusangira umutima w’Abanyarwanda, hasigasirwa indangagaciro zibumbatiye umuco w’Abanyarwanda zirimo iyo gukunda igihugu, guharanira ubumwe, ubudaheranwa, kwigira no gukunda umurimo.
Buri wa Gatanu wa mbere w’ukwezi kwa Kanama, Abanyarwanda aho bari hose bahurira mu birori ngarukamwaka by’umunsi w’Umuganura.
Muri uyu mwaka wa 2025, Umuganura uzizihizwa tariki ya mbere Kanama 2025, ku nsanganyamatsiko igira iti “Umuganura isoko y’ubumwe n’ishingiro ryo kwigira.”
Ibirori byo kuwizihiza ku rwego rw’Igihugu bikazabera mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru mu Karere ka Musanze, byabanjirijwe n’Igitaramo cy’umuganura kizabera mu Kigo cy’Ubutore cya Nkumba mu Karere ka Burera mu ijoro rya tariki 31 Nyakanga, 2025. Umuganura uzanizihirizwa ku rwego rw’Uturere, imidugudu ndetse no mu miryango.
Inteko y’Umuco isobanura ko kwizihiza uyu munsi ari umwanya mwiza wo gusangira kw’Abanyarwanda bishimira umusaruro bagezeho, ndetse no guhigira ibihe biri imbere.
Ivuga ko kandi hadasangirwa umutsima gusa nk’ikimenyetso cy’ibyagezweho ko ahubwo ari umwanya wo gusangira umutima w’Abanyarwanda hasigasirwa indangagaciro Umuganura ubumbatiye, harimo iyo gukunda Igihugu, guharanira ubumwe, ubudaheranwa, kwigira no gukunda umurimo, gusabana, gufatanya n’izindi.
Intebe y’Inteko y’Umuco (Umuyobozi Mukuru), Ambasaderi Robert Masozera mu kiganiro na Radio Rwanda yatangaje ko abantu benshi batekereza ko Umuganura ari ugusangira ibiryo, ariko ngo ukubiyemo ibintu byinshi.
Ati “Ati mu by’ukuri umuganura ukubiyemo ibintu byinshi, buriya wubakiye ku ndangagaciro zishimangira ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda… Mu ntimatima ziri mu Muganura dusangamo ikintu cyo kunga ubumwe, gusangira na bose.”
Yasobanuye ko umuganura uba ugamije no kuzigama nk’uko kera cyaziraga kurya ku mbuto, ko ahubwo yabikwaga kugira ngo izabyare umuganura utaha.
Ati “Umuganura ni isoko y’ubumwe n’ishingiro yo kwigira, akaba ariyo mpamvu umuhango buri mwaka Abanyarwanda bawizihiza kugira ngo banarebe ibyo bagezeho banabyishimire.”
Amavu n’amavuko y’Umuganura
Ibitabo by’amateka n’inkuru zayo bigaragaza ko Umuganura watangiye kwizihizwa mu Rwanda ku ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana mu kinyejana cya cyenda, hanyuma uza kongera guhabwa imbaraga na Ruganzu II Ndoli (1510-1543) ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga 11 ruri mu maboko y’abanyamahanga (Abanyabungo) bari barakuyeho imihango yose ikomeye n’ubwiru mu Rwanda.
Umuganura wabaye imwe mu nzira z’ubwiru, kenshi na kenshi dufata nk’itegeko nshinga ryo mu Rwanda rwo hambere. Ni umwe mu byafatirwagaho ibitaramo nyarwanda, kuko na wo wari ufite umwanya mu bitaramo bitanu byari bikomeye mu Rwanda rwo ha mbere.
Mu munsi mukuru w’umuganura, ibwami hazaga imyaka y’amoko menshi yabaga yeze muri ibyo bihe, ariko mu kuwutegura no kuwizihiza, hakifashishwa imbuto nkuru y’amasaka, ari na yo bengagamo amarwa n’inturire, ubundi bagasangira bishimira ibyiza byagezweho.
Ku rwego rw’Igihugu, Umuganura wayoborwaga n’Umwami afashijwe n’abanyamihango b’Umuganura (abo kwa Rutsobe n’abo kwa Myaka ya Musana) naho ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru w’umuryango akaba ari we wayoboraga iyo mihango.
Umuhango w’Umuganura wizihizwaga ku mwero w’amasaka maze Abanyarwanda bagashimira Imana ku bw’ububurumbuke bw’umuryango, imyaka n’amatungo yabahaye. Abanyamihango bazaniraga Umwami amata n’izindi mbuto nkuru ari zo amasaka, uburo, inzuzi n’isogi.
Umwami yafataga umwuko agatangiza umuhango wo kuvugira umutsima rubanda baje mu Muganura, akawuvuga apfukamye yerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’Igihugu.
Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo cy’imihigo. Muri ibyo birori Umwami yamurikirwaga umusaruro unyuranye w’Abanyarwanda bavuye impande zose z’Igihugu, hakaba amarushanwa y’indashyikirwa.
Guhera uwo munsi imiryango na yo yarateranaga maze umukuru w’umuryango akayobora imihango n’ibirori byayikurikiraga. Cyaraziraga kugira uwo wima cyangwa uheza ku munsi w’Umuganura, imiryango yarasangiraga kandi aho bishoboboka igasurana.
Ku munsi w’Umuganura, abayobozi basabanaga n’abayoborwa mu gitaramo cy’imihigo, abana bagasabana n’ababyeyi. Ni muri icyo gitaramo cy’Umuganura hamurikwaga ibikorwa by’indashyikirwa (inka nziza, umusaruro ushimishije n’ibindi maze abakoze neza bagashimwa, ibigwari bikagawa).
Kwizihiza Umuganura byongeye gucibwa n’abakoloni mu 1925, ubwo Gashamura ka Rukangirashyamba wari ushinzwe Umuganura yaciribwaga mu Burundi. Nyuma y’uko u Rwanda rubonye ubwigenge, abantu bakomeje kwizihiza Umuganura mu miryango ariko ubuyobozi bwariho muri icyo gihe ntibwashyiramo imbaraga ngo Umuganura uhabwe agaciro ukwiye.
Muri iki gihe, kwizihiza Umuganura byasubiranye agaciro byahoranye, kandi ibirori byawo bifite amasomo biha Abanyarwanda mu nzira y’iterambere ry’Igihugu.
Mu muganura abanyarwanda bakuramo amasomo abafasha kurangwa n’umwete ku murimo, gusabana kw’abagize imiryango, abayobozi n’abo bayobora. Ikindi kandi utoza Abanyarwanda kwigenzura bagamije kunoza imikorere, bakanaboneraho guteganya ibikorwa byarushaho kubateza imbere.
MUGIRANEZA THIERRY/ UMUSEKE.RW
